Post by pema on Oct 29, 2020 11:37:57 GMT -5
The Four Parajika Dharmas
Now, O Venerable Ones, the four parajika dharmas come up in the half-monthly Pratimoksha Sutra recitation.
1. Whatever monk, having undertaken the proper course and training of the monks, should, not having rejected the training and not having revealed his weakness in the training, indulge in sexual intercourse, an unchaste thing, even so much as with an animal, this monk is parajika, expelled.
2. Whatever monk, having gone to a village or forest, should take from others what is not given, in a manner considered to be theft, and by such form of theft, a king or king’s minister, having seized him, would slay, bind, or banish him, saying, “O man, you are a thief, you are a fool, you are a robber”; should the monk take in this way what is not given, this monk is parajika, expelled.
3. Whatever monk should intentionally, with his own hand, deprive a human or one that has human form of life, supply him with a knife, search for an assassin for him, instigate him to death, or praise the nature of death, saying, “O man, what use is this dreadful, impure, sinful life to you? O man, death is better than life for you”; should [the monk] purposefully, being of one opinion, instigate him in many ways to death, or recommend the nature of death to him, and he (i.e., that man) should die by that [means], this monk is parajika, expelled.
4. Whatever monk, unknowing and not understanding, should boast of having superhuman faculties, sufficient knowledge and the specific spiritual realization of the nobles, and insight and a state of comfort which are inexistent and unobtained [by him], saying, “I know this, I see this”; and at a later time, the fallen [monk], desiring purity, being questioned or not being questioned, should say, “O Venerable Ones, I said I know, I see, [but it was] worthless, vain, false speaking”; unless [spoken] because of pride, this monk is parajika, expelled.
O Venerable Ones, the four parajika dharmas have been recited by me. Whatever monk, having committed one or another fault, is not to obtain dwelling or eating together with the monks. As before, so after; he is parajika, expelled. Therefore, I ask the Venerable Ones — Are you completely pure in this matter? A second and also a third time I ask the Venerable Ones — Are you completely pure in this matter? Since there is silence, the Venerable Ones are completely pure in this matter. Thus do I understand.
[… all other rules of a fully ordained monk in the Mulasarvastivada lineage follow. The recitation of the body of the Pratimoksha Sutra concludes with the seven adhikarana-samatha dharmas for the quieting of disputes.]
The Seven Adhikarana-Samatha Dharmas
Now, O Venerable Ones, the seven adhikarana-samatha dharmas come up in the half-monthly Pratimoksha Sutra recitation.
1. To a case worthy of settlement in the presence of, we shall impart settlement in the presence of.
2. To a case worthy of settlement based on recollection of, we shall impart settlement based on recollection of.
3. To a case worthy of settlement for one no longer insane, we shall impart settlement for one no longer insane.
4. To a case worthy of settlement by majority vote, we shall impart settlement by majority vote.
5. To a case worthy of settlement investigating the special nature [of the accused monk], we shall impart settlement investigating the special nature [of the accused monk].
6. To a case worthy of settlement which covers over, as with grass, we shall impart settlement which covers over, as with grass.
7. To a case worthy of settlement which effects confession, we shall impart settlement which effects confession.
We should cause legal questions which have arisen to be settled, stilled, according to the Dharma, Vinaya, and Teaching of the Teacher, by imparting these seven adhikarana-samatha dharmas.
O Venerable Ones, the seven adhikarana-samatha dharmas have been recited by me. Therefore, I ask the Venerable Ones — Are you completely pure in this matter? A second and also a third time I ask — Are you completely pure in this matter? Since there is silence, the Venerable Ones are completely pure in this matter. Thus do I understand.
[Concluding Verses]
(1) Enduring patience is the highest austerity,
nirvana is the highest, say the Buddhas;
for he who harms others is not a monk,
he who violates others is not a shramana⁴.
(2) Just as one endowed with sight, in exerting effort,
[should avoid] misconduct;
so the wise man should avoid the evils
in the world of men.
(3) Not censuring [others], not harming others,
and restraint according to the Pratimoksha;
moderation in eating, secluded dwelling,
and union with adhicitta; this is the
Teaching of the Buddhas.
(4) As a bee, not agitating the scent or color of a
flower, flies away, taking [only] the nectar;
so should a sage enter a village.
(5) [One should not contemplate] the faults of others,
or what is done and not done by others;
but one should contemplate the same difficulties
concerning himself.
(6) For the wise one, trained in the steps of sagehood,
there is no delight in superior intellect;
for the tranquil protector, always mindful, there
are no sorrows.
(7) Merit increases for one who gives,
enmity does not accumulate for one who is well restrained;
the virtuous one renounces evil,
and because of putting an end to the kleshas², attains bliss.
(8) Not to do any evil, to attain good,
to completely subdue one’s own mind; this is the
Teaching of the Buddhas.
(9) Restraint of the body is good, restraint of speech is good,
and restraint in all regards is good;
the monk who is restrained in all regards
is released from all suffering.
(10) He who guards his speech, is well restrained in his mind,
and does not perform evil with his body;
being purified regarding the paths of action in these three,
shall attain the road proclaimed by the rishis⁵.
(11) and (12) This Pratimoksha was recited in detail by these seven
celebrated, self-possessed Buddhas who were the chief
protectors and guardians of the world: Vipaśyin, Sikhin,
Visvabhu, Krakucchanda, Kanakamuni, Kasyapa, and immediately
following, Shakyamuni Gautama, the God of Gods, the charioteer
who subdued men.
13. The Buddhas and Shravakas of the Buddhas are respectful
toward it [i.e., the Pratimoksha];
being respectful toward it, one obtains the unconditioned path.
14. Go forth, cling to, employ the Teaching of the Buddhas;
destroy the army of the Lord of Death,
like an elephant [destroys] a house of reeds.
15. One who will diligently engage in this Dharma and Vinaya,
having abandoned birth and samsara,
shall put an end to suffering.
16. This Pratimoksha has been recited, and Posadha made by the Sangha,
for the increase of the Teaching,
and for the sake of mutual protection of shila [ethical discipline].
17. For the sake of those for whom the Sutra has been recited,
and for the sake of those for whom Posadha has been made,
you should guard shila, as a yak protects its first-born.
18. Whatever merit has been gained from the full exposition of the Pratimoksha,
by that may this entire world obtain the position
of the Chief of Sages.
The Pratimoksha is concluded.
Source: info-buddhism.com/Pratimoksha-Sutra-Mulasarvastivada.html
Now, O Venerable Ones, the four parajika dharmas come up in the half-monthly Pratimoksha Sutra recitation.
1. Whatever monk, having undertaken the proper course and training of the monks, should, not having rejected the training and not having revealed his weakness in the training, indulge in sexual intercourse, an unchaste thing, even so much as with an animal, this monk is parajika, expelled.
2. Whatever monk, having gone to a village or forest, should take from others what is not given, in a manner considered to be theft, and by such form of theft, a king or king’s minister, having seized him, would slay, bind, or banish him, saying, “O man, you are a thief, you are a fool, you are a robber”; should the monk take in this way what is not given, this monk is parajika, expelled.
3. Whatever monk should intentionally, with his own hand, deprive a human or one that has human form of life, supply him with a knife, search for an assassin for him, instigate him to death, or praise the nature of death, saying, “O man, what use is this dreadful, impure, sinful life to you? O man, death is better than life for you”; should [the monk] purposefully, being of one opinion, instigate him in many ways to death, or recommend the nature of death to him, and he (i.e., that man) should die by that [means], this monk is parajika, expelled.
4. Whatever monk, unknowing and not understanding, should boast of having superhuman faculties, sufficient knowledge and the specific spiritual realization of the nobles, and insight and a state of comfort which are inexistent and unobtained [by him], saying, “I know this, I see this”; and at a later time, the fallen [monk], desiring purity, being questioned or not being questioned, should say, “O Venerable Ones, I said I know, I see, [but it was] worthless, vain, false speaking”; unless [spoken] because of pride, this monk is parajika, expelled.
O Venerable Ones, the four parajika dharmas have been recited by me. Whatever monk, having committed one or another fault, is not to obtain dwelling or eating together with the monks. As before, so after; he is parajika, expelled. Therefore, I ask the Venerable Ones — Are you completely pure in this matter? A second and also a third time I ask the Venerable Ones — Are you completely pure in this matter? Since there is silence, the Venerable Ones are completely pure in this matter. Thus do I understand.
[… all other rules of a fully ordained monk in the Mulasarvastivada lineage follow. The recitation of the body of the Pratimoksha Sutra concludes with the seven adhikarana-samatha dharmas for the quieting of disputes.]
The Seven Adhikarana-Samatha Dharmas
Now, O Venerable Ones, the seven adhikarana-samatha dharmas come up in the half-monthly Pratimoksha Sutra recitation.
1. To a case worthy of settlement in the presence of, we shall impart settlement in the presence of.
2. To a case worthy of settlement based on recollection of, we shall impart settlement based on recollection of.
3. To a case worthy of settlement for one no longer insane, we shall impart settlement for one no longer insane.
4. To a case worthy of settlement by majority vote, we shall impart settlement by majority vote.
5. To a case worthy of settlement investigating the special nature [of the accused monk], we shall impart settlement investigating the special nature [of the accused monk].
6. To a case worthy of settlement which covers over, as with grass, we shall impart settlement which covers over, as with grass.
7. To a case worthy of settlement which effects confession, we shall impart settlement which effects confession.
We should cause legal questions which have arisen to be settled, stilled, according to the Dharma, Vinaya, and Teaching of the Teacher, by imparting these seven adhikarana-samatha dharmas.
O Venerable Ones, the seven adhikarana-samatha dharmas have been recited by me. Therefore, I ask the Venerable Ones — Are you completely pure in this matter? A second and also a third time I ask — Are you completely pure in this matter? Since there is silence, the Venerable Ones are completely pure in this matter. Thus do I understand.
[Concluding Verses]
(1) Enduring patience is the highest austerity,
nirvana is the highest, say the Buddhas;
for he who harms others is not a monk,
he who violates others is not a shramana⁴.
(2) Just as one endowed with sight, in exerting effort,
[should avoid] misconduct;
so the wise man should avoid the evils
in the world of men.
(3) Not censuring [others], not harming others,
and restraint according to the Pratimoksha;
moderation in eating, secluded dwelling,
and union with adhicitta; this is the
Teaching of the Buddhas.
(4) As a bee, not agitating the scent or color of a
flower, flies away, taking [only] the nectar;
so should a sage enter a village.
(5) [One should not contemplate] the faults of others,
or what is done and not done by others;
but one should contemplate the same difficulties
concerning himself.
(6) For the wise one, trained in the steps of sagehood,
there is no delight in superior intellect;
for the tranquil protector, always mindful, there
are no sorrows.
(7) Merit increases for one who gives,
enmity does not accumulate for one who is well restrained;
the virtuous one renounces evil,
and because of putting an end to the kleshas², attains bliss.
(8) Not to do any evil, to attain good,
to completely subdue one’s own mind; this is the
Teaching of the Buddhas.
(9) Restraint of the body is good, restraint of speech is good,
and restraint in all regards is good;
the monk who is restrained in all regards
is released from all suffering.
(10) He who guards his speech, is well restrained in his mind,
and does not perform evil with his body;
being purified regarding the paths of action in these three,
shall attain the road proclaimed by the rishis⁵.
(11) and (12) This Pratimoksha was recited in detail by these seven
celebrated, self-possessed Buddhas who were the chief
protectors and guardians of the world: Vipaśyin, Sikhin,
Visvabhu, Krakucchanda, Kanakamuni, Kasyapa, and immediately
following, Shakyamuni Gautama, the God of Gods, the charioteer
who subdued men.
13. The Buddhas and Shravakas of the Buddhas are respectful
toward it [i.e., the Pratimoksha];
being respectful toward it, one obtains the unconditioned path.
14. Go forth, cling to, employ the Teaching of the Buddhas;
destroy the army of the Lord of Death,
like an elephant [destroys] a house of reeds.
15. One who will diligently engage in this Dharma and Vinaya,
having abandoned birth and samsara,
shall put an end to suffering.
16. This Pratimoksha has been recited, and Posadha made by the Sangha,
for the increase of the Teaching,
and for the sake of mutual protection of shila [ethical discipline].
17. For the sake of those for whom the Sutra has been recited,
and for the sake of those for whom Posadha has been made,
you should guard shila, as a yak protects its first-born.
18. Whatever merit has been gained from the full exposition of the Pratimoksha,
by that may this entire world obtain the position
of the Chief of Sages.
The Pratimoksha is concluded.
Source: info-buddhism.com/Pratimoksha-Sutra-Mulasarvastivada.html